New Hampshire Eviction Timeline: Step-by-Step Guide for Renters

The eviction process can often feel overwhelming, especially for renters facing a sudden change in their living situation. In New Hampshire, both landlords and tenants must follow specific legal steps before an eviction is final. Understanding this process helps renters respond confidently and may even help prevent unnecessary evictions. Below, you'll find a clear breakdown of the New Hampshire eviction process timeline, including important forms, deadlines, and where to get help.

Understanding Eviction in New Hampshire

Evictions in New Hampshire are governed by New Hampshire RSA 540:2 (Notice to Quit Required). Only the court can order an eviction, and renters have rights every step of the way. All residential landlord-tenant matters are handled by the New Hampshire Circuit Court – District Division (this is the tribunal for these cases).

Step-by-Step Eviction Timeline for Renters

The New Hampshire eviction process generally involves these main stages:

1. Written Notice from the Landlord

• Eviction Notice (Demand for Rent or Notice to Quit): The first step is a written notice. Common notices include:
• 7-Day Notice to Quit (Rent Nonpayment): If you’re behind on rent, your landlord must serve you a 7-day written notice to pay or vacate. See sample from the official Notice to Quit form (NHJB-2331-DFP).
• 30-Day Notice (Other Violations or End of Lease): For other reasons (like lease violations or ending a month-to-month tenancy), the landlord must give you at least 30 days’ notice. See the Notice to Quit (Nonpayment & Other Grounds) form (NHJB-2332-DFP).
• What should you do? Read the notice carefully and check the deadline to respond or move. If it’s for nonpayment, you can often prevent eviction by paying the full amount listed on time.

2. Waiting Period and Compliance

• Your landlord cannot file for eviction in court until after the notice period (7 or 30 days) has expired.
• If you resolve the issue (such as paying overdue rent), the process typically stops here.

3. Landlord Files an Eviction Lawsuit (Landlord & Tenant Writ)

• If you remain in the unit after the notice deadline, your landlord may file a Landlord & Tenant Writ at the District Court.
• You will receive a copy of this writ and a hearing date. The court usually schedules this hearing within 7–14 days of filing.
• See the Landlord & Tenant Writ form (NHJB-2236-DFP).
• You have the right to attend the hearing and defend against the eviction. Gather all relevant evidence and documents for your side.

4. Court Hearing

• You (the tenant) and your landlord present your cases to the judge.
• The judge will decide whether or not the eviction is granted. A written judgment will follow shortly, often on the same day or soon after.
• If the court rules in favor of the landlord, you have 7 days to appeal.

If you believe you were wrongly evicted or didn’t get proper notice, consult with legal aid or the court clerk right away.

5. Removal and Writ of Possession

• If the eviction is granted and no appeal is filed, the landlord can ask the court for a Writ of Possession after 7 days. This form orders the sheriff to remove you if you haven’t already moved.
• See the Writ of Possession form (NHJB-2238-DFP).
• You will receive a last notice from law enforcement before the sheriff comes to enforce the order.

Important Official Forms for Renters in New Hampshire

• Notice to Quit (NHJB-2331-DFP): Used by landlords to notify tenants about nonpayment or lease violations. Example: If you receive this form, you must act within the stated timeline (7 or 30 days).
• Notice to Quit (Nonpayment & Other Grounds) (NHJB-2332-DFP): Used when ending a tenancy for reasons other than nonpayment. Example: Landlord issues this for lease violations or ending a month-to-month rental.
• Landlord & Tenant Writ (NHJB-2236-DFP): Filed in court to start formal eviction. If served, you must prepare for the hearing.
• Writ of Possession (NHJB-2238-DFP): If the court orders eviction, the sheriff uses this to remove you from the property.

Key Takeaways for New Hampshire Renters

• Landlords must give written notice before an eviction and follow New Hampshire residential tenancy laws.
• Renters have the right to defend themselves in court and appeal eviction orders.
• Time is critical — act quickly after any notice, demand, or court documents are received.

Eviction Timeline: Typical Duration

The eviction process in New Hampshire, from notice to leaving your home, can take as little as three weeks or up to several months depending on appeals. Staying informed and taking action at every stage helps protect your rights.

FAQs: New Hampshire Renters and Eviction

1. How much notice must a landlord give before eviction in New Hampshire?
   Usually, 7 days for nonpayment of rent and 30 days for other reasons. Notices must be in writing.
2. Can I stop an eviction after receiving an eviction notice?
   In some cases, yes. If the notice is for nonpayment, paying the overdue rent within 7 days can stop the process. For other reasons, you should respond or seek legal aid quickly.
3. What happens if I don’t attend the court eviction hearing?
   If you don’t appear, the court may issue a default judgment against you, granting the eviction. Always attend or notify the court if you need a continuance.
4. Where can I find official eviction and tenant forms?
   All forms are available from the New Hampshire Circuit Court District Division Forms page.
5. Which court handles residential evictions in New Hampshire?
   The Circuit Court – District Division is responsible for landlord-tenant cases.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• New Hampshire Housing Finance Authority: Tenant Information
• Legal Advice & Referral Center of New Hampshire (free legal aid for eligible renters)
• NH Circuit Court – District Division Contact Information
• RSA 540: Landlord and Tenant Statute (Full Text)

---

1. New Hampshire RSA 540: Landlord and Tenant Act
2. NH Circuit Court – District Division (official tribunal)
3. NH Housing Finance Authority: Tenant Guidance
4. NH District Court Official Landlord-Tenant Forms

Categories

Renter Rights & Legal Protections Lease Agreements & Renewals Rent, Fees & Security Deposits Moving In: Inspections & Disclosures Moving Out & Ending a Lease Maintenance, Repairs & Habitability Health & Safety Standards Evictions & Lease Violations Roommates, Subletting & Shared Housing Discrimination & Fair Housing Laws Accessibility & Disability Accommodations Utilities, Services & Billing Affordable Housing & Rental Assistance Rent Control & Rent Stabilization Privacy Rights & Landlord Entry Security, Locks & Emergency Protections Dispute Resolution & Legal Aid Retaliation & Harassment Protections Mobile Home & Manufactured Housing Rights Special Housing Types & Situations