Utility Shutoff Protections for Renters in New Hampshire

If you’re renting in New Hampshire, it’s important to know what protections you have if your utilities—like electricity, heat, or water—are at risk of being shut off. This article explains the rights that renters have under New Hampshire law, how to prevent shutoff, what to do when you get a disconnection notice, and where to turn for help.

Understanding Utility Shutoff Protections in New Hampshire

New Hampshire law provides safeguards for tenants to prevent the loss of essential utilities, especially when the account is in the landlord’s name or when health and safety could be compromised. The Public Utilities Commission (PUC) oversees rules for utilities and offers additional protections during certain hardship periods.

When Can Utilities Be Shut Off?

Utility companies in New Hampshire must follow strict procedures before disconnecting service. Shutoff may be delayed or prevented in situations such as:

• During winter ban periods (typically November 15–March 31) for electric and gas utilities
• If a household member is seriously ill or has a medical emergency (with appropriate documentation)
• For nonpayment, only after proper written notice and the chance to resolve the bill

Required Shutoff Notices

Renters are entitled to advance written notice before disconnection. The notice must:

• Be issued at least 14 days before the planned shutoff
• Include the date of disconnection, amount owed, and ways to avoid shutoff
• Provide information about how to dispute the bill or apply for assistance

For more details, see the New Hampshire PUC Utility Shutoff Rules.

If Utilities Are in the Landlord's Name

If the landlord controls the utility bill but fails to pay, renters have special protections:

• Utility companies must notify tenants before shutoff and allow tenants to take over payment to keep services running.
• Tenants may use paid utility bills as a rent deduction if they pay to prevent shutoff.

This right is outlined in RSA 540-A:3-e – Essential Services ^[1].

Official Forms for Tenants

Certain situations may require tenants to submit official forms to assert their rights or to request continued utility service.

• Medical Certification Form
  • Form Name/Number: Medical Emergency Certification (no standard number; utility company provides the form)
  • When to use: If someone in your home has a medical condition and losing utility service would worsen their health.
  • How it works: A doctor or authorized medical provider must complete and return the form to your utility company. You can request this form from your provider or access a sample from the PUC Medical Emergency Page.
• Tenant Payment Agreement Authorization
  • Form Name/Number: Tenant Payment Arrangement Authorization (provided by the utility)
  • When to use: If you need to set up a payment plan as a renter to avoid shutoff when the landlord hasn’t paid.
  • How it works: Contact the utility company to request the tenant arrangement form. Fill it out to assume payment responsibility and keep your service connected. See official utility contacts via the NH Utility Company Directory.

Tenancy Legislation and Dispute Resolution

Tenant protections regarding utilities, rent payments, and landlord responsibilities are covered in New Hampshire RSA 540-A – Prohibited Practices and Security Deposits ^[2]. Most official disputes between renters and landlords are handled in:

• New Hampshire Circuit Court – District Division (the main forum for landlord-tenant issues)

What To Do If You Receive a Utility Shutoff Notice

If you get a utility shutoff notice, take these steps as soon as possible:

• Contact your utility provider to discuss the reason and see if you qualify for a payment plan or assistance.
• If utilities are in your landlord’s name, alert your landlord immediately and keep records of all communication.
• If a medical emergency applies, get a Medical Certification Form filled out by a doctor and submit it promptly.
• Know that you have rights under RSA 540-A:3-e to pay the bill and deduct it from your rent, if necessary.
• If you’re unable to resolve the issue, you may file a complaint with the PUC Consumer Complaint Process.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Can my utilities be shut off in winter in New Hampshire?
   Generally, there is a winter shutoff moratorium for electric and gas heat (November 15–March 31), except in very limited circumstances.
2. If my landlord doesn’t pay the utility bill, can I keep the service on?
   Yes. As a tenant, you have the right to pay the bill to prevent shutoff and deduct the payment from your rent under RSA 540-A:3-e.
3. What should I do if someone in my household needs electricity for medical reasons?
   Contact your provider right away for a Medical Certification Form—a doctor must complete it to delay disconnection.
4. How much advance notice must I get before shutoff?
   You must receive at least 14 days’ written notice before the utility company can disconnect your service.
5. Where do I file a complaint if I believe my rights were violated?
   Contact the New Hampshire Public Utilities Commission’s Consumer Services Division or use the online PUC Complaint Form.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• NH Public Utilities Commission – Utility Shutoff Protections & Complaints
• New Hampshire Legal Assistance (free or low-cost legal help for renters)
• NH Circuit Court – District Division (for filing landlord/tenant cases)
• RSA 540-A – Tenant and Landlord Law
• 2-1-1 New Hampshire (referrals for crisis or emergency utility assistance)

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1. ^[1] RSA 540-A:3-e – Essential Services
2. ^[2] RSA 540-A – Prohibited Practices and Security Deposits

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