What Massachusetts Renters Should Do If Locked Out

Getting locked out of your rental can be stressful, but Massachusetts has clear laws to protect renters and outline what steps you can take. This guide explains your rights, how to respond if you’re locked out, and which official resources and forms are available to Massachusetts renters.

Are Landlords Allowed to Lock Out Tenants in Massachusetts?

Massachusetts law prohibits “self-help” evictions. This means your landlord cannot legally lock you out, change the locks, remove your belongings, or otherwise prevent you from entering your home without first going through the official court eviction process. Any attempt to do so is known as an “illegal lockout.”¹

• Landlords must obtain a court order to evict you.
• Only a sheriff or constable, acting on a court order, can remove a tenant and change the locks.
• It is illegal for landlords to turn off utilities or block entry as a form of eviction.

If you have been locked out, know that you have legal protections under the Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 186 – Tenancy Law.

What to Do if You Are Locked Out

If you find yourself locked out of your Massachusetts rental, follow these steps to quickly and safely resolve the situation:

• Document everything: Take photos or videos of the locked doors, or your belongings if they’re outside. Write down dates, times, and what happened.
• Contact your landlord: Let them know you are locked out and request immediate access in writing or by text.
• Call local law enforcement (non-emergency line) if the landlord refuses to let you in. Police can often help mediate or instruct your landlord of their legal duties.
• Get legal help: You can contact Massachusetts’ legal aid organizations or the Housing Court’s Housing Specialist Department for advice.
• If the lockout continues, file a complaint with the Housing Court (more below).

What If You’ve Lost Your Keys or Are Accidentally Locked Out?

Accidental lockouts (such as losing your keys or locking yourself out) are different from illegal landlord lockouts. In those cases:

• Tenants are usually responsible for calling a locksmith or arranging with their landlord for a replacement key.
• Check your lease for policies on lost keys or reentry fees.
• Let your landlord know immediately — they might be willing to help without extra charges.

How to File an Illegal Lockout Complaint in Massachusetts

If your landlord refuses to grant you access or responds with threats, you have the right to file a complaint. The Housing Court in Massachusetts oversees disputes between tenants and landlords, including illegal lockout cases. You can seek an emergency court order for reentry by filing a complaint with your local Housing Court.

• Massachusetts Housing Court is the tribunal for residential tenancies.
• You may also contact the Massachusetts Legal Assistance Corporation for guidance and free legal resources.

Official Forms for Renters

• Application for Temporary Restraining Order (TRO) or Preliminary Injunction – Form
  Download Housing Court TRO/Injunction Form (no form number listed)
  When and how it’s used: If you are locked out, you can file this form with the Housing Court to request a judge order your landlord to let you back in. For best results, include as much evidence as possible (photos, communications, your lease). Example: You return home to find the locks have been changed and your landlord will not answer you. You file this motion so the court can quickly order your landlord to let you back in.
• Summary Process Summons and Complaint
  Summary Process Court Form
  When and how it’s used: This form is normally used by landlords to start eviction, but if your landlord is claiming you have no right to return, you may need to reference this form or seek assistance navigating a summary process case.

Your Rights During an Emergency

Massachusetts law allows for immediate court orders when lockouts are putting your health or safety at risk. Courts can grant emergency access, often on the same day, if your situation is urgent.

If you are left homeless or exposed to dangerous conditions due to a lockout, let the court know this is an emergency — you may receive faster relief.

FAQ: Massachusetts Lockout Laws for Renters

1. Can my landlord legally change the locks if I’m behind on rent?
   No. In Massachusetts, landlords cannot use lock changes or “self-help” to evict you — they must go through the court process.¹
2. What should I do first if I’m locked out?
   Document the situation, contact your landlord, and if needed, call the local police non-emergency number for help.
3. Is it illegal if my landlord turns off my electricity or water to force me out?
   Yes, utility shutoffs for the purpose of removing a tenant are prohibited under Massachusetts law.¹
4. Do I need a lawyer to file with the Housing Court?
   No, but getting advice from a legal aid group can help. The Housing Specialist Department can also guide you through the court’s process.
5. Who handles eviction and lockout disputes in Massachusetts?
   The Massachusetts Housing Court is the primary tribunal for these issues.

Key Takeaways for Massachusetts Renters

• Landlords are not allowed to lock out renters or change locks without court approval.
• Keep documentation and seek help right away if locked out.
• You can get emergency court orders for reentry and protection of your rights.

If in doubt, always reach out to official sources for help or clarification.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• Massachusetts Housing Court – Find your local court and file paperwork
• Official Eviction and Lockout Procedures
• Massachusetts Legal Help – Lockouts
• Massachusetts Legal Assistance Corporation – Free support for low-income renters
• Local police non-emergency number for immediate safety concerns

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1. Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 186 – Tenancy Law
2. Massachusetts Housing Court

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