Maryland Renter Lockout Laws & What to Do Next

Being locked out of your rental in Maryland can feel overwhelming, but state law offers clear protections to help renters in this situation. Understanding your rights and the legal requirements for landlords is key to resolving a lockout as quickly and safely as possible. This article explains what Maryland law says about lockouts, steps you can take, and the resources available to support renters.

Understanding Lockouts: Maryland Laws and Renter Protections

In Maryland, it is illegal for a landlord to lock you out of your rental property without a court order for eviction. This practice, often called a “self-help eviction,” is specifically prohibited under state law. Only a sheriff or another designated court official may remove tenants after an official court order is issued.

• Your landlord cannot change the locks, remove your belongings, or otherwise deny access to your home unless following the formal eviction process.
• Lockouts for reasons like late rent or disputes are illegal without a court judgment for eviction.
• Emergency exceptions apply only in certain cases (e.g., safety hazards), but even then, proper notice and procedures must be followed.

If you return home and are locked out, you have legal options to regain access.

What Should You Do If You're Locked Out?

If you've been locked out or find your landlord has changed the locks, Maryland law is on your side. Here’s what you can do:

• Contact your landlord or property manager in writing to document the situation and request immediate access.
• If denied access, call your local police department’s non-emergency number for assistance. Police cannot force entry but can document and witness your conversation.
• Collect evidence. Take dated photos, keep text messages, and note any interactions as proof.
• If you believe your landlord is violating the law, you have the right to file a complaint or take legal action.

How to File a Lockout Complaint in Maryland

Renters can file a complaint at their nearest Maryland District Court if wrongfully locked out. The court that handles landlord-tenant disputes is the Maryland District Court.

Forms you may need include:

• Failure to Provide Possession – Petition to Restore Possession (Form DC-CV-086)
  Use when you’ve been unlawfully denied access to your rental. Some renters file this to ask the court for an order restoring access.
  Download Form DC-CV-086 from Maryland Courts
• Complaint for Summary Ejectment (Form DC-CV-082)
  Landlords use this to start official evictions; renters can reference it to ensure an eviction has truly been ordered.
  View Form DC-CV-082 at Maryland Courts

Always bring documentation and any communication with your landlord when visiting the court.

What Constitutes an Illegal Lockout?

According to the Maryland Code, Real Property Article § 8-216 – Eviction and Possession, a landlord is prohibited from:

• Changing locks or removing doors without a court order
• Turning off utilities to force you out
• Removing your belongings from the property

These actions are unlawful and may entitle you to damages, court costs, and attorney’s fees if you take legal action and prevail.

What If You’re Locked Out During an Emergency?

If you are locked out due to a maintenance emergency (like a broken lock or security risk), notify your landlord right away and document the issue. Landlords are required by law to keep rentals safe and secure.

• If the landlord fails to make urgent repairs and you can’t enter your home, you may be able to file a Petition for Rent Escrow (Form DC-CV-083) to the District Court if conditions are dangerous.
• For situations posing immediate risk, call local emergency services or 911.

Most maintenance requests should be made in writing, but emergencies should always be communicated as quickly as possible.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Can my landlord change the locks without notice in Maryland?
   No, Maryland law prohibits landlords from changing locks or denying access without a court-issued eviction order. Only a sheriff can formally evict a tenant.
2. What court handles lockout complaints in Maryland?
   The Maryland District Court handles all landlord-tenant disputes, including illegal lockouts and eviction matters.
3. What form should I use if I’ve been unlawfully locked out?
   Renters can use the Petition to Restore Possession (Form DC-CV-086) to request court-ordered access to their home.
4. What if I can’t afford a lawyer?
   You may qualify for free legal aid in Maryland. See the Resources section below for links.

Key Takeaways for Maryland Renters

• Landlords cannot lock out tenants without a court order; only sheriffs can carry out legal evictions.
• If locked out, document everything, contact your landlord, and consider filing a Petition to Restore Possession.
• Support and guidance are available from Maryland District Court and legal aid organizations if you need help.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• Maryland District Court – Landlord-Tenant Resources
• Maryland Attorney General: Landlord-Tenant Rights
• Maryland People's Law Library: Landlord and Tenant
• Maryland Courts: Landlord/Tenant Legal Help
• Free legal assistance: Maryland Free Legal Answers

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1. Maryland Code, Real Property Article § 8-216 – Eviction and Possession
2. Maryland District Court: Landlord-Tenant Matters
3. Maryland Attorney General: Landlord-Tenant Rights
4. DC-CV-086 Petition to Restore Possession
5. DC-CV-082 Complaint for Summary Ejectment
6. DC-CV-083 Petition for Rent Escrow

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