Proving Discriminatory Rental Screening in Vermont

If you believe you have been treated unfairly during a rental application in Vermont—such as being denied an apartment due to your race, religion, gender, family status, or another protected trait—you have the right to challenge discriminatory screening practices. Vermont protects renters under both the federal Fair Housing Act and state law. This guide explains how to recognize, document, and prove discrimination in the rental screening process.

Understanding Discriminatory Screening Practices

Discriminatory screening happens when a landlord treats rental applicants differently because of characteristics that are protected by law. In Vermont, landlords cannot refuse to rent, change terms, or otherwise treat you unfairly because of:

• Race or color
• National origin
• Religion
• Sex or gender
• Disability
• Familial status (families with children)
• Sexual orientation, gender identity, or age
• Receipt of public assistance, including rental subsidies

How to Identify and Document Discrimination

Gathering strong evidence is key to proving discriminatory practices. While it may feel intimidating, step-by-step documentation increases your chances of a successful complaint.

Key Steps to Proving Discrimination

• Write down exactly what happened: Note dates, times, names, and any comments made by the landlord or property manager.
• Save all communication: Keep emails, texts, application forms, rejection letters, and voicemails.
• Compare treatment: If you know other applicants were treated differently (such as being offered a unit you were told was unavailable), write down those differences.
• Seek witnesses: If anyone witnessed the interaction, ask if they are willing to provide a statement.

Organizing your evidence helps state agencies or courts determine if illegal discrimination occurred.

Filing a Discrimination Complaint in Vermont

If you believe you were subject to unlawful discrimination, you can file a complaint with both state and federal agencies.

Vermont Human Rights Commission (VHRC)

The Vermont Human Rights Commission (VHRC) handles housing discrimination complaints. The main form used is:

• VHRC Housing Discrimination Intake Questionnaire
  • When to use: If you suspect discrimination in a rental, complete this form to initiate an investigation.
  • How to use: Download, print, and fill out the Housing Intake Questionnaire. Include details and attach supporting documents.
  • Submit by emailing human.rights@vermont.gov or mailing to the VHRC’s address on the form.

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

You can also file a federal complaint through HUD:

• HUD Form 903 Online or Printable
  • When to use: If unfair screening involved a protected characteristic as defined under federal law.
  • How to use: Complete the HUD Discrimination Complaint Form (Form 903) online or print and mail it as instructed.

The official tribunal addressing these issues in Vermont is the Vermont Human Rights Commission, as well as relevant courts for civil actions.

Relevant Vermont Tenancy Legislation

Vermont law (see 9 V.S.A. Chapter 137 - Residential Rental Agreements) and the Fair Housing and Public Accommodations Act safeguard against housing discrimination. These laws ensure fair and equal access to housing for all qualified renters.

Action Steps: How Vermont Renters Should Respond

• Document all communications and keep copies of your rental application materials.
• Complete and submit the official complaint questionnaire to the Vermont Human Rights Commission as soon as possible—ideally within 360 days of the alleged discrimination.
• Consider also filing with HUD for federal protection.
• Stay in touch with the assigned caseworker and reply promptly to follow-up requests.

Timely action and complete documentation are your best tools for protecting your rights. If you are unsure, consider contacting one of the support agencies in the resources section below.

FAQ: Vermont Fair Housing and Discrimination

1. What actions count as discriminatory screening by a Vermont landlord?
   Examples include denying your application based on race, income source, disability, or family status; inconsistent application requirements; or making discriminatory statements during the process.
2. Do I need a lawyer to file a fair housing complaint?
   No, you do not need a lawyer. The VHRC and HUD have free complaint processes designed for individuals to complete on their own, though you may seek support if you wish.
3. How long does the VHRC process take?
   It varies depending on the complexity of your case, but initial investigation and a response from the landlord often occur within a few weeks to months.
4. Can I be evicted or retaliated against for complaining?
   Retaliation is illegal under Vermont law. If you believe a landlord is taking action against you for filing a complaint, notify the VHRC or a legal resource promptly.
5. Is there a deadline for submitting a discrimination complaint in Vermont?
   Yes, you should file with the Vermont Human Rights Commission within 360 days of the alleged incident for full protection.

Key Takeaways for Vermont Renters

• Discriminatory screening is illegal under both state and federal law in Vermont.
• Document every step of your rental application, especially if you suspect unfair treatment.
• Timely complaints to the VHRC or HUD can protect your rights and potentially secure remedies.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• Vermont Human Rights Commission – How to File: Official complaint process, contact numbers, and downloadable forms
• U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) – Fair Housing
• Vermont Legal Aid – Housing Discrimination Resources

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1. Vermont Fair Housing and Public Accommodations Act: 9 V.S.A. § 4500 et seq.
2. Residential Rental Agreements statutes: 9 V.S.A. Chapter 137
3. Vermont Human Rights Commission: How to File a Complaint
4. HUD Fair Housing Complaint: HUD Online Complaint Form

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