Understanding Rent Gouging Laws in Massachusetts

Rent increases are a common concern for Massachusetts renters. If you’ve received a sudden and steep rent hike, you might wonder if it’s allowed under state law or if it qualifies as “rent gouging.” Massachusetts offers limited rent control, making it important to understand your rights and how to respond to excessive rent demands.

What Is Rent Gouging in Massachusetts?

Rent gouging generally refers to a landlord unfairly or excessively raising your rent, often during a time of crisis or limited rental options. However, as of 2024, Massachusetts law does not have statewide rent control, and there are no set limits on how much a landlord can raise rent for market-rate apartments.^[1]

• Landlords must provide proper written notice before a rent increase
• Rent increases cannot be discriminatory or retaliatory
• Local emergency orders may temporarily limit rent hikes during certain crises

While there is no official statute specifically defining "rent gouging," Massachusetts consumer protection laws may apply if a rent increase is deemed unfair or deceptive, especially during emergencies.

Notice Requirements for Rent Increases

Under Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 186, Section 12, landlords must give at least one full rental period's written notice before increasing rent for tenants on a month-to-month lease. For example, if you pay monthly and your landlord wants to raise rent for July, you must be notified in writing before June begins. If you have a lease, your rent typically cannot be increased until the lease expires.

Examples of Potential Rent Gouging

• Large, sudden increases far above local market rates
• Rent hikes in response to a tenant complaint or request for repairs (may be "retaliatory")
• Disproportionate rent increases targeted at specific tenants based on race, disability, or use of public assistance (discriminatory)

Protections Against Discriminatory or Retaliatory Increases

Massachusetts law prohibits landlords from increasing rent in retaliation for a tenant exercising legal rights, such as reporting unsafe conditions or joining a tenant association. It also bars discrimination based on protected classes (race, disability, receipt of rental assistance). If a rent increase seems targeted or unfair, you may have legal grounds to challenge it.

Official Forms and How to Use Them

Form: Complaint for Protection from Unfair or Deceptive Acts

• Name: Consumer Complaint Form – Office of the Attorney General
• Use: If your landlord raises rent in ways you believe are unfair, false, or in violation of Massachusetts consumer protection laws (M.G.L. c. 93A), you can submit this form. For example, if your landlord triples your rent after you request urgent repairs, you may file a complaint explaining the situation.
• Submit the Consumer Complaint online

Massachusetts Tribunal/Board for Tenant Issues

The Massachusetts Housing Court hears disputes related to rent increases, eviction, and landlord-tenant conflicts. You can file for relief if you face eviction after refusing an unreasonable rent increase or believe your rights have been violated.

Citing Massachusetts Tenancy Legislation

• General Laws c. 186 (Tenancy & Landlord-Tenant Law)
• General Laws c. 239 (Eviction Process)
• General Laws c. 93A (Consumer Protection)

FAQ: Rent Gouging in Massachusetts

1. Is there rent control in Massachusetts?
   No, Massachusetts does not have statewide rent control for private-market apartments. The state does require notice before rent increases, but there are no limits on how much rent can be raised.
2. How much notice must my landlord give before raising my rent?
   Your landlord must provide at least one full rental period’s written notice (usually 30 days for month-to-month renters).
3. What should I do if I feel a rent increase is unfair or illegal?
   Gather written documentation, communicate with your landlord, and consider filing a complaint with the Attorney General’s Office if you suspect unfair or deceptive conduct.
4. Are there any limits on rent increases during a declared emergency?
   Some temporary local or statewide orders may limit rent increases during emergencies, but these are rare and typically time-limited. Check with local government for updates.
5. Where can I go for help if I am facing eviction or retaliation after a rent increase?
   You can seek assistance from the Massachusetts Housing Court, local legal aid organizations, or the Attorney General’s Consumer Advocacy Division.

Conclusion: Key Takeaways

• Massachusetts does not cap rent increases for most private rentals, but landlords must provide proper notice.
• Discriminatory or retaliatory rent hikes are illegal.
• If you believe your rent increase is unfair, keep records and consider reaching out to official resources for help.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• Massachusetts Housing Court: Main state tribunal for landlord-tenant disputes, including eviction and rent complaints.
• Massachusetts Attorney General’s Office, Consumer Advocacy & Response Division: File complaints about unfair, deceptive, or retaliatory rent practices.
• MassLegalHelp: Housing Section: Plain-language guides for renters, notices, and sample complaint letters.
• Free Legal Help in Massachusetts: Directory of statewide legal aid resources.

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1. For confirmation of the current law, see Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 186: Tenancy and Landlord Rights.

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