What qualifies as an emergency repair in Maryland?

Anything that threatens your health, safety, or major property damage—like no heat, unsafe plumbing issues, electrical failure, or severe infestations—is considered an emergency repair.

Can Maryland renters arrange repairs if their landlord is unresponsive?

In emergencies, after making a good faith effort to notify your landlord, you may arrange reasonable repairs and seek reimbursement. Keep all documentation.

How can I start a rent escrow action if repairs aren’t made?

Complete the Rent Escrow Petition (DC-CV-083), provide documentation, and file it with your local Maryland District Court for review.

Is there a statewide 'repair and deduct' right in Maryland?

No. Maryland does not guarantee a statewide right to repair and deduct, but some local ordinances may give this right.

Who oversees landlord-tenant disputes in Maryland?

The Maryland District Court – Landlord and Tenant Division is the official tribunal handling these matters.

Maryland Emergency Repair Rights: When Can Renters Call a Professional?

Maintenance, Repairs & Habitability Maryland published: June 21, 2025

When you’re renting in Maryland, sudden repairs can disrupt daily life. Maybe the heat goes out during a winter night, water pours from a burst pipe, or the power fails and your fridge stops working. In these emergencies, getting a quick fix is crucial for your safety and comfort. This article discusses when Maryland renters can call a professional for emergency repairs, the steps you should take, and how the law protects you.

Understanding Emergency Repairs in Maryland

Maryland law requires landlords to keep rental properties “fit for human habitation.” Emergency repairs include any situation where a failure could cause harm to your health, safety, or basic access to shelter. Examples are:

No heat in cold weather
Major plumbing leaks or sewage backups
Loss of essential electricity or water
Serious infestation (bedbugs, rodents, etc.)
Broken doors or locks that threaten security

Not all issues qualify as emergencies—for example, a dripping faucet or sticking window isn’t considered urgent under Maryland’s Real Property Article §8-211.^[1]

When Can Renters Arrange Emergency Repairs Themselves?

Maryland law generally expects landlords to make repairs, but in emergencies where you cannot reach your landlord or they fail to act promptly, you may have some rights to act on your own. In these specific cases:

You must first make a good faith effort to contact your landlord or property manager right away (call, write, email, or text; keep proof).
If the landlord does not respond and the problem threatens safety or health, you may arrange for reasonable emergency repairs, using a licensed professional when required (e.g., for electrical, gas, or plumbing).
You should keep all receipts and detailed documentation of the emergency and repair process.

If possible, get written confirmation (such as an email) that you notified your landlord before calling a contractor.

Once repairs are complete, you can formally request reimbursement from the landlord—or request to deduct the repair cost from your rent (known as “repair and deduct”). Maryland does not have a universal "repair and deduct" law, but local codes (such as in Baltimore City) may allow it. Always check local ordinances and your lease agreement for specifics.

Required Steps Before Acting

Notify your landlord immediately, in writing, and keep proof (photos, letters, emails, call logs).
Allow the landlord a reasonable time to respond, unless waiting would risk serious harm or property damage.
Use a licensed professional for qualified work (plumbing, HVAC, electrical).
Keep copies of all invoices and communications.
After the repair, send your landlord written notice of the work and a request for reimbursement.

Filing a Repair Complaint or Escrow Action

If your landlord is not responding or refusing to fix critical problems, Maryland renters have the right to file a Rent Escrow Complaint in the local District Court. This places your rent into court escrow until the repair is made.

Form Name: Petition in Action of Rent Escrow (DC-CV-083)
When to Use: If your rental unit has serious defects (such as lack of heat, major leaks, or infestation) and the landlord fails to act after written notice.
- How to File: Complete the Rent Escrow Petition (DC-CV-083), file with the District Court in your county, and be prepared to pay the required filing fee. Bring copies of your communications, repair invoices, and any photos as evidence.

Relevant Maryland Housing Authority or Tribunal

The Maryland District Court - Landlord and Tenant Division handles disputes about habitability, repair complaints, and rent escrow cases for residential tenancies.

Key Tenancy Legislation

FAQ: Emergency Repairs for Maryland Renters

What qualifies as an emergency repair in Maryland?
Essential systems like heat, water, plumbing, electricity, serious leaks, infestations, and anything that threatens health and safety qualify as emergency repairs.
Can I deduct repair costs from my rent?
Maryland law does not guarantee a statewide “repair and deduct” right. Check your local ordinance or lease and always notify your landlord first before spending.
How do I file a Rent Escrow action if my landlord won’t fix the problem?
Download and complete the Rent Escrow Petition (DC-CV-083), then file it with your local District Court, bringing your supporting documents.
Am I responsible for paying the full repair bill upfront?
If you must arrange an emergency repair, you usually pay the contractor first and request reimbursement from your landlord with proof of urgency and cost.
Who regulates Maryland rental housing disputes?
The District Court of Maryland – Landlord and Tenant Division manages these complaints for renters.

Conclusion: What Maryland Renters Should Remember

Always try to notify your landlord first—written proof is essential.
Only take emergency repair action when health, safety, or major property damage is at risk and you cannot reach your landlord.
Use official Rent Escrow processes if your landlord won’t make repairs—Maryland law protects your right to a habitable home.

When unsure, seek advice from official tenant resources or your local court.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

Maryland District Court: Tenant-Landlord Information – Filing complaints, forms, and court guides
DC-CV-083 Rent Escrow Petition Form – Use for habitability complaints
MD Attorney General – Landlord-Tenant Guide
Maryland Department of Housing and Community Development – Renters
For local fair housing or code enforcement, contact your city or county housing office.

Maryland Real Property Article §8-211