How to File a Rent Overcharge Complaint in Maryland

If you rent in Maryland and believe your landlord is charging more rent than legally permitted, it's important to understand your rights and how to address possible overcharges. Although Maryland does not have statewide rent control, several counties and cities—like Montgomery County and Baltimore City—have local rules to protect renters from illegal rent increases. This guide explains what qualifies as a rent overcharge, how to file a complaint, and where to seek help under Maryland law.

What Is Considered a Rent Overcharge in Maryland?

Maryland does not enforce rent limits statewide, but some local governments have adopted rent stabilization or rent control rules. Generally, a rent overcharge happens when a landlord increases rent above the local allowed limit or charges undisclosed fees. Montgomery County, for example, has annual limits for rent increases under its rent stabilization law.^[1]

• If you live in an area with local rent laws, your landlord must follow those limits and provide notice.
• Any excessive or undisclosed fees can also be considered an overcharge under local tenant protection rules.

Learn more about Montgomery County’s Landlord-Tenant Affairs or Baltimore City tenant resources.

First Steps: Gathering Evidence

Before filing an official complaint, gather these important documents:

• Lease agreement
• Rent increase notice (if applicable)
• Receipts or bank records for rent payments
• Written communication with your landlord

Having these records will strengthen your complaint and help local authorities review your case efficiently.

Where to File Your Rent Overcharge Complaint

In Maryland, complaints about possible rent overcharges are handled at the local level. The agency responsible depends on your location:

• Montgomery County: Department of Housing and Community Affairs, Office of Landlord-Tenant Affairs (official tribunal handling residential tenancies in Montgomery County).
• Baltimore City: Department of Housing & Community Development, Tenant-Landlord Division (Baltimore City Renters Support).
• Other jurisdictions: Check with your local county or city housing office or consumer protection office.

If you're unsure, contact the Maryland Attorney General’s Consumer Protection Division for guidance.

Official Complaint Forms and How to Use Them

Montgomery County: Landlord-Tenant Complaint Form

• Form Name: Office of Landlord-Tenant Affairs (OLTA) Landlord-Tenant Complaint Form
• When & How to Use: Use this form if you rent a property in Montgomery County and believe you’re being overcharged. Complete the form, attach supporting documents, and submit it by mail, email, or in person. Example: After receiving a rent increase that exceeds the county’s allowed cap, you submit this form to challenge the hike.
• Download the official Landlord-Tenant Complaint Form (PDF)

Baltimore City: Registered Complaint Process

• Form Name: Tenant-Landlord Complaint Form (no formal number)
• When & How to Use: Fill out this complaint form if you suspect rent overcharging in Baltimore City. Provide details about your rental unit, attach your lease, rent statements, and submit it to the Division—either in-person or by mail/email. Example: If you’re charged a new fee not disclosed in your lease, file this complaint to dispute the charge.
• Download the Baltimore City Tenant-Landlord Complaint Form (PDF)

Both agencies can investigate rent overcharges, mediate disputes, and order refunds or adjustments if violations are found.

What Happens After You File a Complaint?

Once your complaint is received, officials will review your documents, may contact you and your landlord, and could schedule mediation or a formal hearing if needed. Outcomes may include mediation agreements, refunds, or rent corrections. Most cases are resolved within several weeks, depending on documentation and cooperation.

Your Rights under Maryland Law

While Maryland’s Real Property Code, Section 8 covers rental agreements and tenant protections, local rules may provide stronger protections for rent control or stabilization. Always check your city or county guidelines in addition to state law.

FAQ: Rent Overcharge Complaints in Maryland

1. Can all Maryland renters challenge rent overcharges?
   Not always. Only renters in localities with rent stabilization or control (e.g., Montgomery County, Baltimore City) can formally challenge overcharges. In other areas, you may only contest undisclosed or unfair fees—not rent amounts.
2. How long does the complaint process take?
   Most investigations are resolved within a few weeks, but complex disputes may take longer. Providing clear documentation helps speed the process.
3. Is there a cost to file a complaint?
   No. Filing a rent overcharge complaint with your local housing authority is free for renters.
4. Can I be evicted for complaining about a rent overcharge?
   Maryland law prohibits landlord retaliation. If you face threats or eviction after filing a complaint, contact your local housing authority.
5. What documentation do I need to file?
   You should submit a copy of your lease, rent payment proof, any notice of rent increase, and correspondence with your landlord.

Conclusion: Key Takeaways

• Check if your locality in Maryland has rent control or stabilization laws before proceeding.
• Use official local forms like the OLTA Complaint Form in Montgomery County, or Baltimore City’s Tenant-Landlord Complaint Form, to report suspected overcharges.
• Always keep documentation and know that you are protected against landlord retaliation when asserting your rights.

Knowing your rights—and the correct steps to take—can make resolving rent overcharge issues smoother and less stressful.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• Montgomery County Office of Landlord-Tenant Affairs: File complaints, access mediation, and get official guidance for renters in Montgomery County.
• Baltimore City Department of Housing & Community Development: Key resource for Baltimore renters.
• Maryland Attorney General’s Consumer Protection Division: General tenant rights information statewide.
• Maryland Real Property Code, Section 8: State law on residential leases and tenant protections.

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1. Montgomery County Rent Stabilization Law
2. Maryland Real Property Code, Title 8

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