What should I do if my landlord refuses to fix safety hazards?

If your landlord ignores written repair requests, you can report the problem to local code enforcement (like Chicago's 311) or ultimately take legal steps to ensure your home is safe.

How long does my landlord have to make repairs?

Illinois law gives landlords a “reasonable” timeframe, usually up to 14 days for most issues—or less for emergencies—after you provide written notice.

Can I withhold rent for unaddressed repairs?

Rent withholding is risky. Instead, you may be able to repair and deduct, but only after following the proper legal steps. Get guidance from your local tenant office before acting.

Who enforces health and safety codes in Illinois rentals?

Enforcement is handled by city or county health and building departments, not a single state agency.

Are health code standards different in Chicago?

Yes. Chicago's Residential Landlord and Tenant Ordinance provides stricter rules and more detailed tenant protections than the rest of Illinois.

Illinois Rental Health Code Requirements for Renters

Health & Safety Standards Illinois published: June 21, 2025

As a renter in Illinois, it’s important to understand the minimum health and safety requirements your landlord must provide in your rental unit. This ensures you and your household live in a safe, clean, and habitable home as required by Illinois state law and local city ordinances. Whether you are experiencing issues like inadequate heat, unsanitary conditions, or pest infestations, knowing your rights—and the process for resolving concerns—can make a crucial difference.

What Are Minimum Housing Health Codes?

Minimum housing health codes in Illinois are standards set by state and local governments that define what is considered a habitable (livable) rental property. Landlords must keep rental units safe and sanitary and provide basic utilities and services. These laws are designed to protect tenant health and safety throughout your lease.

Core Requirements for Rental Properties in Illinois

Safe Structure: The building must have safe walls, floors, ceilings, and stairs.
Functioning Utilities: Working heat, hot and cold water, plumbing, and electricity must be provided.
Pest Control: Units must be free from rats, mice, cockroaches, and other pests.
Sanitation: Rental homes must be kept clean, with well-maintained garbage removal and common areas.
Smoke Detectors: Legally required on every floor and within 15 feet of bedrooms.
Locks & Security: Locks must be provided on entry doors and accessible windows.

These minimum requirements come from the Illinois Residential Tenants' Right to Repair Act and the Illinois Security Deposit Return Act, as well as local city codes. Chicago, Aurora, Rockford, and other larger cities may have stricter rules. Always check local ordinances for additional protections.

Common Health Code Violations

If a property falls below these standards, landlords may be violating the law. The most common health code violations reported by Illinois renters include:

No heat or water in winter
Damp, mold, or visible water leaks
Broken windows or doors creating security risks
Pest infestations (e.g., bedbugs, cockroaches)
Unsafe stairs, railings, or entryways

What to Do if Your Rental Violates Health Codes

If you believe your rental unit is unsafe or unsanitary, there are clear steps you can take to resolve the issue. Tenants are protected under the Illinois Landlord and Tenant Act (765 ILCS 705) and, in Chicago, the Chicago Residential Landlord and Tenant Ordinance.

Document the problem: Take clear photos or videos and write down dates and details.
Notify your landlord in writing: Illinois law requires written notice before action can be taken. Use certified mail or email for proof.
Allow reasonable time for repairs: The landlord generally has 14 days, or shorter in emergencies.
If unresolved, file a complaint: Contact your local city/county building or health department. In Chicago use the city’s online portal (Chicago 311 Service Request).
Consider using the official Notice to Landlord - Demand for Repairs Form: This standardized notice is available from many local agencies and legal aid offices.

Important Forms for Illinois Renters

Notice to Landlord – Demand for Repairs (No standard statewide form; local cities like Chicago and Cook County provide recommended formats)
- When and how to use: Send this written notice if you need your landlord to fix unsafe conditions. Example: Your heater is broken in January, so you complete the form, mail it, and keep a copy for your records.
- Sample Notice under Chicago RLTO (see "Tenants’ Remedies" section)
Housing Code Complaint Forms
- When and how to use: File these with your city or county code enforcement to report violations. Example: You report a pest infestation by submitting the form online or in person.
- Chicago 311 Service Request (submit complaints online)
- Cook County Building and Zoning complaint process

Which Authority Handles Renter Complaints?

In Illinois, tenant complaints are most often handled by local city or county Building & Zoning Departments or municipal code enforcement offices. In Chicago, this is:

City of Chicago Department of Buildings

There is no state-run residential housing tribunal, but severe disputes can be taken to county small claims or circuit courts.

If you feel unsafe or your landlord does not respond, contact your local code enforcement or public health department promptly. Unaddressed violations can be reported without fear of legal retaliation.

FAQ: Illinois Rental Health Code Questions

What should I do if my landlord refuses to fix safety hazards?
If your landlord ignores written repair requests, you can report the problem to local code enforcement (like Chicago's 311) or ultimately take legal steps to ensure your home is safe.
How long does my landlord have to make repairs?
Illinois law gives landlords a “reasonable” timeframe, usually up to 14 days for most issues—or less for emergencies—after you provide written notice.
Can I withhold rent for unaddressed repairs?
Rent withholding is risky. Instead, you may be able to repair and deduct, but only after following the proper legal steps. Get guidance from your local tenant office before acting.
Who enforces health and safety codes in Illinois rentals?
Enforcement is handled by city or county health and building departments, not a single state agency.
Are health code standards different in Chicago?
Yes. Chicago's Residential Landlord and Tenant Ordinance provides stricter rules and more detailed tenant protections than the rest of Illinois.

Key Takeaways for Renters

Illinois law ensures your rental home must meet basic health and safety standards.
Always provide written notice for repairs and retain documentation.
Local building or health departments are your first step for unresolved violations.

Being informed helps you act confidently and protect your right to a safe home.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

Illinois Landlord and Tenant Act (765 ILCS 705), current legislation
City of Chicago Department of Buildings, official resource
Chicago Residential Landlord and Tenant Ordinance, official ordinance text
Illinois Attorney General – Tenant Rights, official handbook