What should I do if my landlord won’t respond to maintenance requests?

Notify your landlord in writing first. If repairs are not made, file a housing code complaint with DC 311 and request an inspection.

Can I withhold rent if my apartment is unsafe?

Withholding rent is risky. Instead, file an official complaint with the Department of Buildings or the Office of Administrative Hearings to document the issue.

Who do I contact for emergency health or safety hazards?

Contact DC 311 or the Department of Buildings' Housing Code Enforcement Branch for urgent health and safety issues.

What forms help prove my case if I want to take legal action?

Use written records, complaint forms, and the Tenant Petition (RAD-TP) for formal filings at the Office of Administrative Hearings.

Is my landlord responsible for pest control?

Yes. DC law requires landlords to keep rental properties free from vermin and infestations.

DC Rental Housing Health Codes: Minimum Standards Guide

Health & Safety Standards District of Columbia published: June 21, 2025

Every renter deserves a safe, healthy home. If you rent in the District of Columbia, minimum housing health codes protect you by setting essential standards for habitability. Whether you're experiencing mold, lack of heat, or pest problems, knowing your rights under DC law can help you get the repairs and safe conditions you need.

What Are Minimum Housing Health Standards in DC?

The District of Columbia enforces clear minimum health and safety standards for rental properties. These are outlined in the DC Housing Code within Title 14 of the DC Municipal Regulations (14 DCMR Housing Code)[1]. If a landlord does not meet these standards, tenants have the right to request repairs and may file official complaints if problems persist.

Key Health and Safety Requirements for Rentals

Working heat during cold months: Landlords must provide safe heating between October 1 and May 1. The temperature must be at least 68°F during the day (6:30 a.m. – 10:30 p.m.) and at least 65°F at night (10:30 p.m. – 6:30 a.m.).
Running water and hot water: Units must have working plumbing with hot and cold water, and functioning bathroom facilities.
No pest infestations: Landlords are responsible for addressing infestations of roaches, mice, or other vermin.
Safe electrical and structural conditions: All electrical, structural, and fire safety features (including smoke detectors) must be in working order.
Mold and moisture control: Rental properties must be free from mold and persistent moisture, which can be a health hazard.

These requirements come from the DC Housing Code and are enforced by DC government agencies[1].

What Can Renters Do If Standards Are Not Met?

If your landlord does not fix serious health or safety problems, you have the right to take action. There are several official steps DC renters can take, from notifying your landlord in writing to filing an official complaint or requesting an inspection.

How to File a Housing Code Complaint in DC

Notify your landlord in writing (keep a dated copy for your records).
If the issue isn’t resolved promptly, you can file a formal complaint with the Department of Buildings (DOB) – Housing Code Enforcement Branch.
Request a Department of Buildings inspection online or by phone at 202-671-3500. Inspectors will assess the property and issue violations if there are code breaches.

This official action helps protect your rights and ensures proper documentation.

Relevant Official Forms for DC Renters

311 Service Request Form (Housing Code Complaint):
When and how to use: Submit this form if your landlord won’t resolve a health or safety issue (such as lack of heat, water leaks, pests, or mold) within a reasonable time after you’ve notified them. File online via the DC 311 Portal, select “Housing Code Violations – Inspections,” and describe the problem. You’ll be contacted about a possible inspection.
Tenant Petition (Form RAD-TP):
When and how to use: If your landlord is not keeping your unit safe or habitable, you may file a Tenant Petition with the Office of Administrative Hearings via the RAD-TP form. Use this when health or safety code breaches are not fixed despite repeated requests.

Which Tribunal Handles DC Rental Disputes?

For enforcing renters’ rights and hearing complaints, the District of Columbia Office of Administrative Hearings (OAH) oversees residential tenancy cases, including habitability and retaliation matters.

If your housing feels unsafe or is in disrepair, start by documenting issues and contacting your landlord. If repairs aren’t made, consider filing a complaint with DC 311 or reaching out to the Office of Administrative Hearings for further assistance.

Relevant DC Tenant Protection Legislation

DC Housing Code (14 DCMR) – Details minimum health and safety standards[1]
DC Rental Housing Act of 1985 – Core tenant protections, including habitability requirements[2]

For updates and a guide on tenant protections, see the DC Fair Housing & Tenant Rights Guide.

Frequently Asked Questions

What should I do if my landlord won’t respond to maintenance requests?
Begin by notifying your landlord in writing about the issue. If repairs are not done within a reasonable timeframe, you can file a housing code complaint with DC 311 and request an inspection.
Can I withhold rent if my apartment is unsafe?
Withholding rent can be risky. Instead, file an official complaint with the Department of Buildings or the Office of Administrative Hearings to document the problem and protect your rights.
Who do I contact for emergency health or safety hazards?
Call DC 311, use their online portal, or contact the Department of Buildings’ Housing Code Enforcement for urgent issues threatening your health and safety.
What forms help prove my case if I want to take legal action?
Keep written records, copies of complaints, and use the Tenant Petition (RAD-TP) form for official filings at the Office of Administrative Hearings.
Is my landlord responsible for pest control?
Yes, landlords must maintain the property free from vermin and infestations, per DC Housing Code standards.

Conclusion: Key Takeaways for DC Renters

DC law requires landlords to provide safe, healthy, and fully habitable housing.
If your rental violates health codes, document, notify your landlord, and use official complaint processes if needed.
Know your right to inspections and seek support from DC agencies to resolve serious issues.

Understanding and using your renter protections helps everyone enjoy safe and fair housing in the District of Columbia.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

DC Department of Buildings – Housing Code Complaints: File or check on health and safety complaints.
DC Department of Housing and Community Development – Tenant Advocacy: Information and assistance on tenant rights and disputes.
DC Office of Administrative Hearings (OAH): Handles formal tenant petitions, code enforcement appeals, and rental disputes.
DC 311 Service Requests: Submit housing code or emergency health/safety complaints online.
Tenant Petition and Rental Housing Forms: Access to official forms and instructions for DC renters.