Colorado Tenant Protections Against Utility Shutoff

As a renter in Colorado, losing access to water, electricity, or heat can be stressful and dangerous. Fortunately, state law provides renters with certain protections against sudden utility disconnections and outlines steps landlords and utility companies must follow. Understanding these rights can help you stay safe and maintain stable housing.

When Can Utilities Be Shut Off in Colorado?

Utility shutoffs can happen for two main reasons:

• Nonpayment: If you or your landlord haven't paid the utility bill.
• Safety or Legal Issues: If continued service is dangerous or if required by law.

However, Colorado law sets important limits and notice requirements before your utilities can be disconnected, especially if the landlord controls the utility account.

Landlord Responsibilities for Utilities

When your lease states that utilities are included in rent ("landlord-paid utilities"), your landlord is legally required to keep those services active. According to the Colorado Residential Landlord and Tenant Law, it’s illegal for a landlord to intentionally shut off or fail to pay for utilities as a way to force tenants out or collect rent.¹

Required Notice Before Utility Shutoff

• Utility companies must give you at least 10 days’ written notice before shutting off service for nonpayment (C.R.S. 40-3-103.5).
• For landlord-paid utilities, landlords must also provide reasonable advance notice if they become aware of an issue threatening shutoff.

The notice should include:

• The date of intended shutoff
• Amount due
• Instructions for avoiding disconnection
• Information on payment assistance programs

Winter Utility Shutoff Restrictions

During Colorado's cold weather period (November 1 to April 30), extra rules protect residents from losing heat or electricity:

• Utility companies cannot disconnect residential heating service without offering:
• Payment arrangements
• Information on energy assistance programs (like LEAP)
• Special protections for elderly, seriously ill, or households with young children (inform the utility in writing with documentation if this applies)

If your household includes seniors, young children, or someone with a medical condition, always notify your utility company. This may qualify your household for additional protections.

What to Do If Your Landlord Threatens or Causes a Shutoff

• Document all communications and notices
• Contact your landlord in writing to request prompt restoration of utility service
• If the landlord will not restore service, you may:
• File a complaint with the Colorado Department of Labor and Employment (CDLE)
• Contact the Colorado Public Utilities Commission (PUC) for utility company issues
• Seek a court order for emergency relief (see form below)

How to File for Emergency Relief: Official Form

Colorado renters facing illegal utility shutoff by a landlord may petition the court for emergency relief. The primary form used is:

• Verified Complaint in Forcible Entry and Detainer (JDF 99)

When used: If your landlord disconnects utilities in violation of your rights, you can use this form to request a court order to restore your utilities. Find the form at: JDF 99 - Verified Complaint in Forcible Entry and Detainer.

Example: You arrive home and discover your landlord has shut off the water to pressure you to move out. You may file JDF 99 with your local county court to request immediate action.

If the Utility Company Controls the Account

Tenants who pay utilities directly have rights under the Colorado Public Utilities Law.² Contact your utility provider if you receive a disconnection notice and ask about:

• Payment arrangements or extensions
• Low-Income Energy Assistance Program (LEAP)
• Medical or hardship exemptions

Where to Get Further Help

• File a utility complaint with the Colorado PUC
• Learn about renter protections from CDLE

FAQ: Utility Shutoff Protections for Colorado Tenants

1. Can my landlord legally turn off my utilities to make me move out?
   No. Shutting off utilities to force a tenant out is unlawful in Colorado. You can seek emergency court relief if this happens.
2. How much notice must I get before my utilities are shut off?
   Utility companies must give at least 10 days’ written notice before disconnection for nonpayment. Landlords should give prompt, reasonable notice if utilities are at risk.
3. Are there extra protections from utility shutoff during winter?
   Yes. From November to April, utilities must offer payment arrangements and provide additional shutoff safeguards for vulnerable households.
4. What official form can I use to get my utilities turned back on?
   You can file the JDF 99 - Verified Complaint in Forcible Entry and Detainer in county court if your utilities are shut off unlawfully by your landlord.
5. Who oversees utility and tenant rights issues in Colorado?
   The Colorado Public Utilities Commission (PUC) oversees utility issues, while the Colorado Department of Labor and Employment provides tenant resources.

Summary: Key Takeaways for Colorado Renters

• Landlords cannot shut off your utilities to force you out—this is illegal.
• Utility companies must provide at least 10 days’ notice before any shutoff.
• Special protections exist during Colorado’s winter season, and you may qualify for payment help.

Stay informed, respond quickly to notices, and contact official agencies if your rights are violated.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• Colorado Public Utilities Commission (PUC) – Consumer Assistance: File complaints and seek advice on utility shutoffs.
• Colorado Department of Labor and Employment (CDLE) – Tenant Rights: Renter protections and support.
• Colorado Judicial Branch: Landlord-Tenant Forms: Find official court forms, including JDF 99.
• Low-Income Energy Assistance Program (LEAP): Get help paying your utility bills.

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1. See: Colorado Residential Landlord and Tenant Law (C.R.S. Title 38, Article 12)
2. See: Colorado Public Utilities Law (C.R.S. Title 40, Article 3-103.5)

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