Understanding Rent Stabilization Rules in California

Rent stabilization in California provides important protections for tenants by limiting rent increases and promoting housing stability. If you’re a renter in California, understanding how state and local rent stabilization laws apply to your rental unit is essential for maintaining affordable housing and knowing your rights.

What Is Rent Stabilization in California?

Rent stabilization refers to regulations that limit how much a landlord can increase rent each year. In California, this is governed by the California Civil Code sections 1946.2, 1947.12, and 1947.13, commonly known as the "Tenant Protection Act of 2019".^[1] This law applies to most rental properties built before January 1, 2005, unless the property is exempt.

Key Features of Rent Stabilization

• Rent Increase Limits: Landlords typically cannot raise rent by more than 5% plus the local inflation rate (Consumer Price Index), with a maximum cap of 10% per year.^[1]
• "Just Cause" Eviction Protections: Tenants can only be evicted for specific reasons, such as nonpayment of rent or lease violations.^[1]
• Applicable Properties: Most multi-unit buildings built before January 1, 2005. Single-family homes and condos are generally exempt if owned by individuals (not corporations or trusts) and the owner gives the proper disclosure.

What Is the Difference Between Rent Control and Rent Stabilization?

While both terms are used in California, "rent stabilization" refers to the regular state protections limiting rent increases, while "rent control" often specifically refers to stricter local city ordinances. For example, cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Berkeley have their own local rent control ordinances with additional rules. Always check your city’s housing department for local details.

How Do California Rent Increase Rules Work?

Here’s a quick summary of rent increase rules under state law:

• Landlords must provide at least 30 days’ written notice for a rent increase less than 10%.
• For rent increases of 10% or more (if ever allowed), at least 90 days’ written notice is required.^[1]
• All notices must be given using proper legal forms and must state the amount and date of the increase.

Official California Rent Increase Notice Form

• Form Name: Notice of Rent Increase
• When to Use: If your landlord notifies you of a rent increase, they must deliver a formal written notice. For example, if your rent is increasing by 6%, you should receive a written notice 30 days before the new rent takes effect.
• Official Example & Link: See the California Department of Housing and Community Development – Landlord Forms for guidance.

If You Believe a Rent Increase Is Illegal

If you think your landlord has violated rent stabilization rules (for example, raising the rent above the cap), you have the right to raise the issue. Make sure all communication is in writing, and keep a record of notices and responses.

Eviction Protections Under California Rent Stabilization

California law provides "just cause" eviction protections for renters covered by the Tenant Protection Act. This means you cannot be evicted without a recognized legal reason. Common legal causes include failure to pay rent, violating the lease, or if the landlord is moving into the unit.

• Notice Requirements: Landlords must provide proper written notice stating the reason for eviction. Typically, this is a Notice to Quit or a Notice of Termination.
• Landlords cannot terminate your tenancy simply to raise rent for a new tenant unless permitted by law.

Relevant Official Form: Notice to Terminate Tenancy (Form 30/60/90-Day Notice)

• Form Name: Notice to Terminate Tenancy (30-Day, 60-Day, or 90-Day Notice)
• When to Use: If you receive one of these forms from your landlord, it signals an intent to end your rental agreement. For instance, when being asked to leave for owner move-in, you should receive a minimum 60-day written notice if you have lived there for over one year.
• Official Example & Link: Download at California HCD – Landlord Forms.

How to File a Complaint or Get Help

If you suspect a rent increase or eviction notice violates state law, you may file a complaint with your local rent board or housing authority. Statewide, the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) oversees housing regulations.^[2] Many cities also have local Rent Boards, such as the Los Angeles Housing Department.

Legal Tribunal for Rent Disputes in California

The primary board handling landlord-tenant disputes is your local Rent Board (if your city has one). For general disputes, small claims court or, in larger matters, the California Superior Court handles cases related to landlord-tenant law.^[3]

FAQ: California Rent Stabilization

1. What properties are covered by rent stabilization in California?
   Most multi-unit residential properties built before January 1, 2005, unless specifically exempt (e.g., single-family homes owned by individuals who meet disclosure requirements).
2. How much can my landlord increase my rent each year?
   The maximum annual rent increase is 5% plus the local inflation rate (CPI), up to 10% total.
3. What should I do if my landlord raises the rent more than allowed?
   Request the rent increase notice in writing, compare the increase to legal limits, and contact your local rent board or the California Department of Housing and Community Development if the increase exceeds the cap.
4. Are all California cities covered by the state rent stabilization law?
   Some cities have local rent control ordinances with additional tenant protections. Where local rules exist, the stricter rule applies.
5. Where can I file a complaint about illegal rent increases or eviction?
   Contact your city’s rent board, or file with the California Department of Housing and Community Development.

Summary: Key Takeaways for California Renters

• State rent stabilization laws cap yearly rent increases for most older multi-unit properties.
• Eviction may only occur for specified "just cause" reasons under the law.
• Use official forms and contact resources if you believe your rights are being violated.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) – Statewide tenant resources, complaint forms, and legal information.
• Los Angeles Housing Department – Rent Stabilization – For residents in Los Angeles.
• San Francisco Rent Board – Local rent dispute support and resources.
• California Courts Self-Help: Landlord/Tenant – Information on legal actions and court procedures for housing issues.

---

1. California Civil Code sections 1946.2, 1947.12, and 1947.13 (Tenant Protection Act of 2019)
2. California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD)
3. California Superior Courts: Landlord/Tenant Law

Categories

Renter Rights & Legal Protections Lease Agreements & Renewals Rent, Fees & Security Deposits Moving In: Inspections & Disclosures Moving Out & Ending a Lease Maintenance, Repairs & Habitability Health & Safety Standards Evictions & Lease Violations Roommates, Subletting & Shared Housing Discrimination & Fair Housing Laws Accessibility & Disability Accommodations Utilities, Services & Billing Affordable Housing & Rental Assistance Rent Control & Rent Stabilization Privacy Rights & Landlord Entry Security, Locks & Emergency Protections Dispute Resolution & Legal Aid Retaliation & Harassment Protections Mobile Home & Manufactured Housing Rights Special Housing Types & Situations